Pathogenesis

In the group of community-acquired pneumonia distinguish atypical pneumonia caused by intracellular pathogens (mycoplasma, chlamydia, Legionella) and have common approaches to treatment. Nosocomial pneumonia developed in two days or more after admission the patient to hospital. They are characterized by a severe course, the rapid development of complications, high mortality (20%). Nosocomial pneumonia occurs frequently in infants and elderly patients with severe concomitant diseases (urological, hematological diseases, cardiovascular diseases system, immunodeficiency). Sources of infection may be medical personnel, receiving the solution, catheters, endoscopes and other medical equipment. Etiology of these pneumonias are gram-negative microorganisms aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, anaerobic infection that is resistant to many antibiotics.

All these factors contribute to high levels of lethal outcomes of nosocomial pneumonia and the allocation of them in a separate form. Remains a topical classification of pneumonia, the proposed ns Molchanov in 1962 (with some additions and modifications). Distinguish the etiology of pneumonia: Bacterial; virus; mycoplasmal; chlamydial; rickettsial; Fungal; mixed (viral and bacterial, bacterial and mycoplasmal, etc.); unknown etiology. On hiv Pathogenesis: Primary; secondary. According to clinical and morphological features: pleuropneumonia (Lobar); bronchopneumonia (alopecia). Credit: Alina de Almeida-2011. Localization: one-way (left, right) a) subsegmental, b) segmental, and c) fractional; bilateral (with length). On the severity: easy; moderate; heavy. The presence of complications: infectious-toxic shock syndrome; pleural effusion; pericarditis; Distress Syndrome; infectious destruction; acute respiratory failure. The term "Primary pneumonia understand the disease, which arose in a healthy person in the absence of diseases of other organs and systems, complicated by pneumonia or contributing to its emergence.